In the Qing Dynasty, Macao became the intersection of Chinese and Western cultures due to its unique geographical location. As a visual image, the map of Macao in the Qing Dynasty conveyed relevant information such as the geographical location and urban landscape of the region, presenting unique documentary and rich artistic attributes. By selecting representative hand-drawn maps from the Qing Dynasty, and using iconography theory and comparative research methods, this paper discusses the drawing forms, application of painting images, and urban landscape expressions of Macao maps drawn in China and the West, which will contribute to the study of the culture of Macao maps. It has been supplemented in terms of connotation and artistic value.

This paper focuses on Raging Fire, the Hong Kong film that holds the highest box office record in mainland China to date. Going beyond surface-level commercial success, the study examines how Hong Kong cinema is received across different Chinese-speaking regions, with particular attention to content stratification and cultural decoding divergences. It further provides empirical evidence and strategic references for differentiated creative approaches in film production. Drawing on Liebes and Katz’s multiple interpretation matrix, the study conducts in-depth interviews with mainland spectators. It is found that the audience's interpretation of characters (including motivation, relationship, fate) is mainly “aesthetic” and “moral”, supplemented by some “playful” readings of character relationships; in the thematic interpretations (including film genres and social contexts), “aesthetic” and “ideological” decoding tendencies are most prevalent. These characteristics reflect the commonalities and differences in the dissemination and imagination of Hong Kong cinema. Based on these findings, the study proposes three layers of cross-regional dissemination strategies, offering valuable insights for text creators to carry out differentiated conception.

In addition to the general formation characteristics of the art body, the development of Macau’s new poetry also has regional characteristics such as spontaneous creation, a wide range of authors, and non-market operations, which reflect the unique factors of local art in Macau’s civil society. From the perspective of historical data, we will find that individual creation, multiple influences on aesthetics, and the public sphere that generates and participates in art have a certain impact on individual citizens of New Poetry. In the development process of Macau’s new poetry, the inheritance and innovation of art reflect the self-sufficiency of new poetry as a literary perspective, and also reflect the connection between Macau's new poetry and local artistic traditions. Understanding Macau’s new poetry has important research value in understanding the generation of Macau literature.

Multi-Channel Network (MCN) generally refers to any entity or organization that assists content creators in achieving commercial monetization, originating from the revenue-sharing model of the YouTube Partner Program (YPP) launched by YouTube in the United States in 2007. In 2016, the concept of 'Multi-Channel Network' was introduced to China and quickly localized, forming the 'MCN business model' that integrates multi-channel network organizations with Professional Generated Content (PGC). Unlike the YPP's 'website-influencer' revenue-sharing model, the Chinese 'MCN business model' expands the revenue-sharing subjects by enabling stable commercial monetization for every participant involved in content production on the platform. As a new production form characterized by the participation of multiple entities and content monetization, the 'MCN business model' serves as a dynamic medium connecting the virtual and real worlds. However, content production within multi-channel networks is often rife with issues related to capital expansion, consumerism, and capitalist ideology, which have not received adequate attention from academia. Therefore, this paper focuses on the phenomenon of multi-channel networked production of internet content, exploring the new challenges brought about by contemporary communication technologies from the critical perspectives of historical materialism and political economy.

Island tourism is currently showing a thriving development trend, as the demand for vacation and leisure travel continues to increase, making island tourism a popular choice. This study aims to a systematic review focusing on quantitative analysis current research on island tourism using the Web of Science citation database. The research covers 32 years and visualizes keyword co-occurrence, clustering, publication years, etc., through software to obtain a knowledge map of authors, disciplines involved, and more. Additionally, a detailed analysis of the current status of domestic and international island tourism is conducted through knowledge maps such as keyword co-occurrence and clustering. The study found that there are fragmentation issues in island tourism research, with a lack of systematic frameworks and guiding mechanisms. Current research mainly focuses on aspects such as island tourism resources and environments, tourist relationships, and island residents’ perceptions, but lacks the construction of a framework for sustainable development of island tourism on a comparative basis. The results of this study will help reveal the hotspots and trends in island tourism research, providing important references for the academic community and tourism industry, and promoting further development and research in the field of island tourism.

Student evaluation of teaching (SET) is one of the most commonly used instruments to measure teaching quality. Its use in higher education is important because it benefits multiple parties. It benefits students because they can voice out their comments on the teaching they receive. It benefits teachers because they can adjust their teaching according to student feedback. Universities also benefit because they can understand the overall teaching performance of their academics. Despite the respondents of the questionnaires for teaching quality evaluation are students, most of these evaluation tools may not be able to reflect students’ perceptions toward the teaching they have received because these tools are usually developed from the universities’ perspective for the purposes of promotions or salary raises. To better reflecting the perceived teaching quality students have experienced, we developed a set of teaching quality evaluation tool adopted from the popular PZB (Parasuraman, Zeithaml, and Berry) service quality (SERVQUAL) measurement instrument. Our research model and measurement instrument are tested using surveys with two samples of 358 and 220 recruited from undergraduates in one of the universities in Macau in 2017 and 2023, respectively. The results revealed that, among the five SERVQUAL dimensions, Empathy and Reliability dimensions significantly affected students’ satisfaction towards their teachers, while the Responsiveness dimension did not have such an impact. The Tangible dimension had no impact on satisfaction toward teachers but directly influenced the overall course satisfaction. Satisfaction toward teachers had a significant impact on students’ perceived overall course satisfaction. The impact of Assurance on teaching quality differed between the two cohorts. For researchers, this study demonstrates the suitability of adopting SERVQUAL, a commercial service quality evaluation tool with items revised to fit education context, can effectively measure students’ satisfaction on their learning. For educators, our study sheds light on the directions for teachers to allocate their efforts to help students increase learning effectiveness through their satisfaction on their learning process.

Previous studies about the Parent Reading Belief Inventory (PRBI) have shown discrepant results and have primarily focused on the western hemisphere. The present study aims to explore the fundamental factor structure of the PRBI and re-examine the reliability and validity in a large number of Chinese parents in southern China, expecting to show a multifaceted structure of parental reading belief from diverse socioeconomic status (SES). The significance of this study is underscored by its potential to provide a more culturally sensitive and contextually relevant measure of parental reading beliefs, which can contribute to a better understanding of literacy practices in the Chinese context. PRBI was first introduced by DeBaryshe and Binder (1994) to assess parents’ reading perception, attitude, value, and belief, which is a 42-item instrument composed of 7 subscales. Given the cultural disparities in parenting beliefs, linguistic subtleties, item relevance, and the imperative for contextual adaptation, the original PRBI may not be directly applicable to the Chinese context and requires adaptation. To address this, the study recruited 1,656 parents to complete the PRBI inventory and Home Literacy Environment Questionnaire. The lack of validation for the core factor structure of the Western-focused PRBI warrants careful reconsideration and should be interpreted with caution as researchers in these studies failed to affirm the PRBI’s reliability or validity for their specific cultural group. Therefore, the current study’s revisions aim to address these issues, allowing for a more accurate assessment of parental reading beliefs among Chinese parents. Findings show that the original PRBI exhibited poor fit parameters using confirmatory factor analysis and thus was revised to an inventory with 33 items. This revision fills a needed gap to assess parents’ reading belief in the Chinese context as an instrumental measure to examine parental involvement, early literacy practices, and perceptions on preschooler’s shared-book reading experience and early language development.

With the rapid development of China, the demand for Chinese language learning continues to be strong, and the demand for Chinese language teacher is also increasing simultaneously. Cultivating excellent teachers has become an urgent task. As the foundational stage of the “training chain”for international Chinese language teachers, the current undergraduate training program for international Chinese education is still a field where theory outweighs practice. To help students build a solid foundation while gaining in-depth understanding of the real-life teaching scenario and requirements of international Chinese education, and to explore development directions, the practitioners at Xi'an Jiaotong-Liverpool University, based on the “International Chinese Teacher Professional Competency Standards” and experiential learning theory framework, have developed a “XiPu approach”, integrating professional skills, professional practice, and professional knowledge in training. This approach, through the permeation of a four-stage cyclic structure of “concrete experience - reflective observation - abstract conceptualization-active experimentation” in teaching design, encourages students to actively practice this dynamic learning mode in their growth path. It represents an initial exploration of a talent cultivation model with the goal of lifelong learning.

The convergence of digital technology and language instruction has sparked a surge in the practice and research on digitalized international Chinese language education worldwide. However, a comprehensive overview of the field's evolution remains lacking. To systematically present the current research landscape, this study utilizes a dataset comprising 276 Chinese and 144 English articles from 2000 to 2023, retrieved from the China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI) and the Web of Science (WoS) databases. Employing bibliometric methods and the knowledge visualization tool CiteSpace, the study generates scientific knowledge maps. By analyzing publication trends in different phases, prominent journals, core authors and institutes, highly cited works, keywords, and other dimensions, this study outlines the overall development trajectory of the field and highlights differences between Chinese and English literature. Based on these findings, the study provides recommendations for journals, researchers, institutions, and publications involved in the digitalization of international Chinese language education, aiming to advance future practices and research in the field and promote the high-quality development of global Chinese education.